The increasing global population has significantly heightened the demand for agricultural products. With advancements in biotechnology, crop production is shifting towards not only meeting this demand but also adopting more sustainable and eco-friendly practices. This has led to a growing interest in alternative methods for providing plant and soil nutrients, especially as the negative impacts of synthetic fertilizers become more apparent. This review explores the potential of algae as a sustainable agricultural solution.

We identify the key factors affecting plant and soil health and examine the environmental drawbacks of synthetic fertilizers, such as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and water pollution. In this context, algae have emerged as a promising organic, safe, and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers. Algae are rich in essential plant nutrients, including Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium, as well as minerals, growth hormones, and other beneficial substances that support plant growth and soil health.

This review covers various types of algae, their cultivation methods, and processing techniques. Importantly, algae biomass can be efficiently produced from wastewater, which provides a nutrient-rich resource, enhancing its viability as a sustainable fertilizer. We provide a comprehensive summary of the benefits of algae as a fertilizer and growth stimulant, highlighting how they can improve soil and plant health, boost growth and productivity, and enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. This research supports ongoing efforts to develop sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural practices in response to the growing global food demand.

Guest Speakers

Speaker: Venkatesh Balan
Assistant Professor, Engineering Technology

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