Publications

  • Gottimukkala, S. V., Gao, L., Gharaibeh, N., Tarnini, Y., Talebzadeh, M., Kutela, B., and Katale, T. S. (2026). Integrating Pavement Condition Records with LLM-Based Crash Narrative Analysis for Pavement Safety Assessment. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 234, 108609.
  • Algomaiah, M., Xu, Y., Li, Z., Wei, H., Wang, S., Gao, L., and Liu, K. (2026). Connected Vehicle Trajectory-Based Estimation of Cycle-by-Cycle Traffic Volume: A Deep Learning-Based Approach Considering Slowed Vehicles and Spatiotemporal Shockwave Dissipation. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems, 152(8), 04026058.
  • Zhan, Z., Gao, L., and Han, Z. (2026). Distributionally Robust Risk-Aware Optimization for Predictive Bridge Intervention Planning. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 100154.
  • Al-Derham, H., Veeramachaneni, M., Gao, L., Zhang, Y., Sun, J., Senouci, A., and Fu, K. (2026). Localized Debris Detection in Post-Disaster Aerial Imagery Using YOLO-SDD. Algorithms, 19(7), 568.
  • Katale, T. S., Gao, L., Liu, Y., Liu, D., and Chen, H. (2026). LLM-Guided Hybrid Simulation for Airport Cyber-Resilience Assessment. Mathematics, 14(11), 1923. [pdf]
  • Al-Derham, H., Chaudhari, R. J., Gao, L., and Senouci, A. (2026). A Multimodal Model- and Retrieval-Guided Framework for BIM Model Cost Estimation. Buildings, 16(11), 2103.
  • Amaram, D., Gao, L., Gudla, G. R., and Katale, T. S. (2026). Developing an AI Assistant for Knowledge Management and Workforce Training in State DOTs. Electronics, 15(1), 217. [pdf]
  • Priyanka, D., and Gao, L. (2026). Advances in Technologies for Energy Harvesting from Pavements: A Comprehensive Review. Applied Sciences, 16(8), 3634. [pdf]
  • Tarnini, Y., Gharaibeh, N. G., Kutela, B., and Gao, L. (2026). Assessing Pavement Crash Susceptibility for Consideration in Pavement Management Decisions. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements, 152(2), 04026015.
  • Sahraoui, I., Kim, K., Gao, L., Din, Z. U., and Senouci, A. (2026). Generative AI for Education in Infrastructure Systems: Lessons from a BIM-Based Rule-Checking. Computers, 15(5), 289.
  • Duggempudi, J., Gao, L., Senouci, A., Han, Z., and Zhang, Y. (2026). Text-to-Layout: A Generative Workflow for Drafting Architectural Floor Plans Using LLMs. International Conference on Transportation and Development 2026, 191–205. [pdf]
  • Sahraoui, I., Gao, L., Senouci, A., Din, Z., Kim, K., and Sun, J. (2026). Automated Hazard Detection in Construction Sites Using Vision-Language Models. International Conference on Transportation and Development 2026, 218–231.
  • Sahraoui, I., Katale, T. S., Gudla, G. R., Gao, L., Kim, K., Din, Z., and Senouci, A. (2026). Exploring OSHA Construction Accident Records with Multimodal AI Models. Construction Research Congress 2026, 1100–1109. [pdf]
  • Bhowmik, A., Din, Z. U., Gao, L., Kim, K., Senouci, A., and Cho, N. (2026). Integrating VR and BIM into Job Hazard Analysis to Improve Task Understanding and Safety in Construction. Construction Research Congress 2026, 826–835.
  • Zhan, Z., Cao, S., Gao, L., and Han, Z. (2026). AI-Driven Personalized Remote Education using Adaptive Semantic Communication. 2026 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), 877–882.
  • Gharaibeh, N. G., Gao, L., Kutela, B., Tarnini, Y., Talebzadeh, M., and Katale, T. (2026). Enhancing Pavement Safety in Texas: Crash Susceptibility Modeling, GIS Tool, and Hydroplaning Risk Assessment. Texas Department of Transportation report, 0-7177.
  • Peng, L., Gao, L., Hong, F., and Sun, J. (2025). Evaluating Pavement Deterioration Rates Due to Flooding Events Using Explainable AI. Buildings, 15(9), 1452. [pdf]
  • Sun, J., Murphy, M. R., Hazlett, D., Shuai, C., and Gao, L. (2025). Simulation-Based Framework for Predicting Construction Workforce Demand: A Comparative Analysis with Multivariate LSTM-Based Seq2Seq Model. ASCE Journal of Construction Engineering and Management.
  • Wang, K., Lim, G. J., Race, B., Zhang, Y. J., Gao, L., and Qiao, F. G. (2025). Examining spatial patterns and economic interactions of logistics activities across three Texas metropolitan areas. Journal of Transport Geography, 123, 104079.
  • Madireddy, S., Gao, L., Din, Z. U., Kim, K., Senouci, A., Han, Z., and Zhang, Y. (2025). Large Language Model-Driven Code Compliance Checking in Building Information Modeling. Electronics, 14(11), 2146. [pdf]
  • Lebaku, P. K. R., Gao, L., Sun, J., Wang, X., and Kang, X. (2025). Assessing the Influence of Pavement Performance on Road Safety Through Crash Frequency and Severity Analysis: PKR Lebaku et al.. International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 1–22. [pdf]
  • Sahraoui, I., Kim, K., Gao, L., Din, Z., and Senouci, A. (2025). Integrating Generative AI in BIM Education: Insights from Classroom Implementation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.05296. [pdf]
  • Gao, L., Din, Z. U., Kim, K., and Senouci, A. (2025). Time Series Transformer-Based Modeling of Pavement Skid and Texture Deterioration. Construction Materials, 5(3), 55. [pdf]
  • Chenchu, C. G., Kim, K., Gao, L., and Din, Z. U. (2025). Signals vs. Videos: Advancing Motion Intention Recognition for Human-Robot Collaboration in Construction. arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.07990. [pdf]
  • Madireddy, S., Gao, L., and Sun, J. (2025). Measuring the Effects of Extreme Weather Events on Pavement Performance. Submitted to Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition).
  • Gottimukkala*, S., Gao, L., Liu, Y., Chen, H., Liu, D., Zhang, Y., and Sun, J. (2025). Exploring Traffic Simulation and Cybersecurity Strategies Using Large Language Models. IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy. [pdf]
  • Chenchu, C., Kim, K., Gao, L., and Din, Z. (2025). Signals vs. Videos: Advancing Motion Intention Recognition for Human-Robot Collaboration in Construction. International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. [pdf]
  • Lebaku, P. K. R.*, Gao, L., Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Liu, Y., and Arafin, T. (2025). Cybersecurity-Focused Anomaly Detection in Connected Autonomous Vehicles Using Machine Learning. ASCE International Conference on Transportation and Development. [pdf]
  • Katale, T. S., Gao, L., Zhang, Y., and Senouci, A. (2025). A Bilevel Optimization Framework for Adversarial Control of Gas Pipeline Operations. Actuators, 480. [pdf]
  • Lebaku*, P., Gao, L., Lu, P., and Sun, J. (2024). Deep Learning for Pavement Condition Evaluation Using Satellite Imagery. Infrastructures, 9(9), 155. [pdf]
  • Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, R., Liu, J., and Gao, L. (2024). Comprehensive Network-level Urban Road Asset Valuation Method Integrating Physical and Social Values. ASCE Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems, 150(7), 04024024.
  • Gao, L., Yu, K., and Lu, P. (2024). Considering the Spatial Structure of the Road Network in Pavement Deterioration Modeling. Transportation Research Record, 2678(5), 153–161. [pdf]
  • Silwal*, S., Gao, L., Zhang, Y., Senouci, A., and Mo, Y. (2024). Assessing Cybersecurity Risks and Traffic Impact in Connected Autonomous Vehicles. ASCE International Conference on Transportation and Development. [pdf]
  • Gao, L., Han, Z., and Chen, Y. (2023). Deep Learning-Based Pavement Performance Modeling Using Multiple Distress Indicators and Road Work History. ASCE Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements, 149(1), 04022061. [pdf]
  • Gao, L., Ai*, Y., Yu, Y., Pu, W., and Ren, Y. (2023). Network-Level Travel Time Prediction Considering The Effects of Weather and Seasonality. ASCE International Conference on Transportation and Development. [pdf]
  • Gao, L., Yu, K. (2023). Infrastructure Missing Data Imputation through Community-Based Graph Convolutional Networks. ASCE International Conference on Transportation and Development.
  • Pachika, A., Gao, L., Song, L., Lu, P., and Wang, X. (2023). Estimating the Impact of COVID-19 on Travel Demand in the Houston Area Using Deep Learning and Satellite Imagery. International Conference on Transportation and Development 2023, 437–444. [pdf]
  • Yu, K., and Gao, L. (2023). Pavement missing condition data imputation through collective learning-based graph neural networks. International Conference on Transportation and Development 2023, 416–423. [pdf]
  • Gao, L., Yu, K., and Lu, P. (2022). Missing Pavement Performance Data Imputation Using Graph Neural Networks. Transportation Research Record, 2676(12), 409–419. [pdf]
  • Gao, L., Lu, P., Qiao, F., Li, J. Q., Zhang, Y., and Ren, Y. (2022). Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on Transportation Infrastructure Funding in the United States. ASCE International Conference on Transportation and Development. [pdf]
  • Gao, L., Lu, P., and Ren, Y. (2021). A Deep Learning Approach for Imbalanced Crash Data in Predicting Highway-Rail Grade Crossings Accidents. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 216, 108019.
  • Ren, Y., Lu, P., Ai, C., Gao, L., Qiu, S., and Tolliver, D. (2021). Review of Emerging Technologies and Issues in Rail and Track Inspection for Local Lines in the United States. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems, 147(10), 04021062.
  • Gao, L., Yu, Y., Ren, Y., and Lu, P. (2021). Detection of Pavement Maintenance Treatments Using Deep-Learning Network. Transportation Research Record, 2675(9), 1434–1443.
  • Liu, J., Wang, X., Li, Y., Kang, X., and Gao, L. (2021). Method of Evaluating and Predicting Traffic State of Highway Network Based on Deep Learning. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2021, 1–9.
  • Xu, H., Kim, M. Y., Sabillon, C., Gao, L., and Prozzi, J. A. (2021). Development of Pavement Performance Models for Pavement Management Incorporating Treatment Type. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Dhatrak, O., Vemuri*, V., and Gao, L. (2020). Considering Deterioration Propagation in Transportation Infrastructure Maintenance Planning. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition), 7(4), 520–528.
  • Ren*, Y., Gao, L., Lu, P., and Song, L. (2020). Pavement Condition Index Estimation Using Smartphone-Based Accelerometers for City of Houston. Construction Research Congress.
  • Gao, L., Saldarriaga*, D., You, B., Qiao, F., and Li, Q. (2019). Evaluation of Transportation and Economic Impact of Short Line Railroads in Texas. International Journal of Rail Transportation, 7(3), 191–207.
  • Gao, L., Hong, F., and Ren*, Y. (2019). Impacts of Seasonal and Annual Weather Variations on Network-Level Pavement Performance. Infrastructures, 4(2), 27.
  • Gao, L., Mo, Y. L., Dhonde, S., Saldarriaga, D., Song, L., and Senouci, A. (2019). Synthesis of Service Life Prediction for Bridges in Texas. Technical report. [pdf]
  • Zhang, Z., and Gao, L. (2018). A Nested Modelling Approach to Infrastructure Performance Characterisation. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 19(2), 174–180.
  • Gao, L., Qiu, S., and Prasad*, T. R. (2017). Bayesian detection of unrecorded maintenance and rehabilitation treatments in pavement management. TRB 96th Annual Meeting.
  • Du, J., Qiao, F., Yu, L., and Gao, L. (2017). Planning of Campus Area Nighttime Public Transportation System Based on GIS and Operation Research. TRB 96th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Yu, Y., and Liang*, W. (2016). Public Transit Customer Satisfaction Dimensions Discovery from Online Reviews. Urban Rail Transit, 2, 146–152.
  • Gao, L., and Webb*, C. (2016). Schedule Compression Impact on Construction Project Safety. Frontiers of Engineering Management, 2(4), 344–350.
  • Qiao, F., Gao, L., Saldarriaga, D., You, B., Li, Q., Song, L., Senouci, A., Dhatrak, O., and Yu, L. (2016). Transportation and Economic Impact of Texas Short Line Railroads. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Gao, L. (2016). Developing a Bayesian Model to Recover Missing Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Data. Annual Conference of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering.
  • Jahanbakhsh*, S., Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2016). Estimating Spatial Dependence Associated with Deterioration Process of Road Network. TRB 95th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Smit, A., Prozzi, J., Buddhavarapu, P., Murphy, M., and Song, L. (2015). Milled Pavement Texturing to Optimize Skid Improvements. Construction and Building Materials, 101(1), 602–610.
  • Gao, L., and Eldin, N. (2014). Employers Expectations: A Probabilistic Text Mining Model. Procedia Engineering, 85, 175–182.
  • Gao, L. (2014). Skill Sets of Construction Career Pathways. TRB 93rd Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Smit, A., Prozzi, J., Buddhavarapu, P., Murphy, M., and Song, L. (2014). Study of Short-Term Skid Improvements by Light Texturing with a Milling Machine. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Wu, H., Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2013). Analysis of Crash Data Using Quantile Regression for Counts. ASCE Journal of Transportation Engineering, 140(4).
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2013). Management of Pavement Maintenance, Rehabilitation, and Reconstruction Through Network Partition. Transportation Research Record, 2366, 59–63.
  • Gao, L., Guo, R., and Zhang, Z. (2013). An Augmented Lagrangian Decomposition Approach for Infrastructure Maintenance and Rehabilitation Decisions Under Budget Uncertainty. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 9(5), 448–457.
  • Gao, L., and Wu, H. (2013). Verb-Based Text Mining of Road Crash Report. TRB 92nd Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Wu, H., and Zhang, Z. (2013). Analyzing Use of Facebook Pages Among State Departments of Transportation. TRB 92nd Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2013). Pavement Maintenance Management Through Network Partition. TRB 92nd Annual Meeting.
  • Zhang, Z., Walton, C. M., Machemehl, R. B., Bhat, C., Gao, L., Porras-Alvarado, J. D., and Peters, D. (2013). An Integrated Approach to Managing the Finance, Maintenance, and Operation of Transportation Systems. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2012). An Approximate Approach to Large-Scale Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Problem. Transportation Research Record, 2304, 112–118.
  • Gao, L., Xie, C., Zhang, Z., and Waller, S. T. (2012). Network-Level Road Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Scheduling for Optimal Performance Improvement and Budget Utilization. Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, 27(4), 278–287.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2012). Approximation Approach to the Problem of Large-Scale Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation. Transportation research record, 2304(1), 112–118.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2012). An Approximate Approach to Large-Scale Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Problem. TRB 91st Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Chi, S., Prozzi, J., Murphy, M., Zhang, Z., Sims, T., and Yildirim, Y. (2012). Peer State Assessment of TxDOT Maintenance Program and Practices, Part II: Test Section Survey Findings and Recommendations. TRB 91st Annual Meeting.
  • Chi, S., Gao, L., Murphy, M., Zhang, Z., Prozzi, J., Sims, T., and Yildirim, Y. (2012). Peer State Assessment of TxDOT Maintenance Program and Practices, Part I: Workshop Findings and Recommendations. TRB 91st Annual Meeting.
  • Prozzi, J., Gao, L., Chi, S., Centurion, C., Murphy, M., Yildirim, Y., and Zhang, Z. (2012). Maintenance Test Section Survey: Data Collection and Analysis. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Gao, L., Aguiar-Moya, J., and Zhang, Z. (2011). A Bayesian Analysis of Heterogeneity in Modeling of Pavement Fatigue Cracking. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 26(1), 37–44.
  • Gao, L., Xie, C., Zhang, Z., and Waller, S. T. (2011). Integrated Transportation Network Maintenance and Expansion Problem. Transportation Research Record, 2225, 56–64.
  • Gao, L., Aguiar-Moya, J., and Zhang, Z. (2011). Performance Modeling of Infrastructure Condition Data with Maintenance Intervention. Transportation Research Record, 2225, 109–116.
  • Gao, L., Xie, C., Zhang, Z., and Waller, S. T. (2011). Integrated maintenance and expansion planning for transportation network infrastructure. Transportation research record, 2225(1), 56–64.
  • Gao, L., Aguiar-Moya, J., and Zhang, Z. (2011). Performance Modeling of Infrastructure Condition Data with Maintenance Intervention. TRB 90th Annual Meeting.
  • Wu, H., Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2011). Analysis of Crash Data Using Quantile Regression for Counts. TRB 90th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Xie, C., Zhang, Z., and Waller, S. T. (2011). Integrated Transportation Network Maintenance and Expansion Problem. TRB 90th Annual Meeting.
  • Guo, R., and Gao, L. (2011). Optimal Pavement Maintenance Policy under Warranty Contract. TRB 90th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Guo, R., and Zhang, Z. (2011). An Augmented Lagrangian Decomposition Approach for Infrastructure Maintenance and Rehabilitation Decisions under Budget Uncertainty. TRB 90th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Aguiar-Moya, J., and Zhang, Z. (2011). A Bayesian Analysis of Heterogeneity in Modeling of Pavement Fatigue Cracking. TRB 90th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Chi, S., Prozzi, J., Yildirim, Y., Zhang, Z., Centurion, C., and Murphy, M. (2011). Peer State Assessment of TxDOT Maintenance Program and Practices: Workshop and Road Rally Findings. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2011). Optimal Infrastructure Maintenance Scheduling Problem Under Budget Uncertainty. Southwest Region University Transportation Center report.
  • Ng, M., Gao, L., and Waller, S. T. (2010). Optimal Work Zone Lengths and Signal Timing for Two-Lane Highways Revisited: The Need to Consider Stochasticity. TRB 89th Annual Meeting.
  • Zhang, Z., and Gao, L. (2010). Predicting Pavement Deterioration: A Sequential Logit Model Approach. TRB 89th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Xie, C., Zhang, Z., and Waller, S. T. (2010). Network-Level Multi-Objective Optimal Maintenance and Rehabilitation Scheduling. TRB 89th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2010). The Effect of Budget Uncertainty on Road Network Condition Fluctuation. TRB 89th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Liang, L., Zhang, Z., and Caldas, C. (2009). Implementation of Electronic Appraisal System. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2009). An Approximate Dynamic Programming Approach to Network-Level Budget Planning and Allocation for Pavement Infrastructure. TRB 88th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2008). Robust Optimization for Managing Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation. Transportation Research Record, 2084, 55–61.
  • Gao, L., and Zhang, Z. (2008). Robust Optimization for Managing Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation. TRB 87th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L., Zhang, Z., and Tighe, S. (2007). Using Markov Process and Method of Moments for Optimizing Management Strategies of Pavement Infrastructure. TRB 86th Annual Meeting.
  • Gao, L. (2007). Development of a cost estimation tool for right of way. Ph.D. dissertation.
  • Caldas, C., Escatel, R., Gao, L., Kockelman, K., and Zhang, Z. (2006). Estimating the Cost of Right-of-Way Acquisitions Along Texas Corridors. Texas Department of Transportation report.
  • Caldas, C., Escatel, R., Gao, L., Kockelman, K., and Zhang, Z. (2006). Right-of-Way Cost Estimating Tool User Manual. Texas Department of Transportation report.