WPC !3plfefpI lfn0)dpcxGg!mm^8\Dw 6<13d%ƍF1P??Ն907]g!E~YDwur.%p hL1_M?;_ 9]#W?4. .({L [ΤEߚNr[ЛqѐcX gS سu e ^ w 4   m 0 Ug<  0W U2u U* UN W 0~v 0D8UBN- 0N 0  0 0 BHP LaserJet 1100,,,,,,0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,\  `&Times New RomanV* (x'3|xU2 0Biblio1  X   8.` hp x (#8  XXXQ \  `$Times NewRomanQ      >4,JR Z bj #>XXXQ \  `$Times NewRomanQ\  `$Times NewRoman  0.Footer !(#XXXQ \  `$Times NewRomanQ;1R Z bj #;XXXQ \  `$Times NewRomanQ\  `Times New\  `Times(9 Z 6Times New Roman Regular M ($USUS.,    1    _ԀXXPleaseuse12pt.font,1inchmargins,TimesRomanorsomethingthattakesupaboutthesameamount  ofspace)plusincludearealbibliography.#X(Xg#(.(3($ !USUS.,      0  (#$  0   e \  `*Times New RomanTT ##Xd#6 4heading 4    XXXG\  `Times NewG     XXXS\  `&Times New RomanS  4JM2Biblio1 X 2(4 4 <DL!2   5+ 4 <DL!5  0GS.WilsonG\  `Times NewGS\  `&Times New RomanS6kw4Body Text  XXXG\  `Times NewGXXXS\  `&Times New RomanS   d !USUS.,  _HOY  XX Oz\8(XXdd8POLITICALSCIENCE6312:SurveyofAmericanInstitutions  andPublicPolicy   @ Spring2001 ( #X(Xh#\X(XXX(   Assoc.ProfessorRichardE._Matland_ ( Office:414_PGH_ԀPhone:7433911   OfficeHours:Tuesday2:004:00andbyAppointment   B.` hp x (#XB  COURSEDESCRIPTION: Thiscourseisdesignedforstudentsinthedoctoralprogramin   politicalscience,althoughothersarecertainlywelcometoattend.Itisacorecourse.Itservesas x   theintroductiontopublicpolicywhichisoneofthe_subfields_Ԁstudentscantakeacomprehensive d  examinationin.Thepolicyfielddealswiththeoutputsofpolitics.Whataretheoutcomesin P  specificpublicpolicyareasandwhydothoseoutcomesoccur?Wewillconsiderseveral <  differentmodelsofthepolicyprocessinthespaceofthesemester.Inaddition,tobeingastudy (x  ofpublicpolicyasasubstantivefieldthiscoursewillalsoplaceaheavyemphasisonthestudyof d  institutionsandinparticulara comparativeinstitutionsperspective.Acomparative P institutionsperspectivedoesnotnecessarilymeanstudyinganissueorpolicycrossnationally, < althoughitcanbe.An_institutions_ԀperspectiveasIuseitheremeanslookingathowusing ( differentinstitutionalarrangementstomakedifferentdecisionswillaffectthefinaloutcome.  Whileapure_behavioralist_Ԁmodelmightarguethatoutcomesarelargelydeterminedby  preferences,an_institutionalist_Ԁperspectivestatesthatoutcomeswilldependnotonlyon  preferences,butontheinstitutionsthatareusedtotranslatepreferencesintooutcomes.There  hasbeenanEXPLOSIONofresearchusingthis_institutionalist_Ԁperspectivealthoughdifferent t researchersmeanradicallydifferentthingswhentheytalkaboutan_institutionalist_Ԁperspective. ` Wewillconsiderseveralperspectivesoverthecourseofthesemester.Finally,thereisan L expectationthatstudentswilllearnsomethingabouttheinstitutionsofAmericanpolitics.Thatis 8 how_Congress,thebureaucracy,thepresidency,andthecourtsfunction_Ԁandhowtheyaffectthe $t outputsoftheAmericanpoliticalsystem. `  COURSEREQUIREMENTS: Inadditiontoregularattendanceandparticipation,therearethree 8 majorrequirements.Youaretowriteapaper,takeanexam,and#X(XXX(#X(XXX(presentthereadingsforoneof  ( theweeksinclass.Letmedescribeeachofthesebriefly.#X(XXX( # ! I.ThePaper.Youaretowritethreeminipapersandthenonelargepaper.Thelargepaperis #! createdbymergingthethreesmallerpapersandtakingintoconsiderationallthecommentsI $" makealongtheway. t% # A.Thefirstofthethreepapersisa ConceptPaperandLiteratureReviewlookingataspecific L'"% topicofpublicpolicy(agendasetting,policyadoption,etc.).A_listofpossibletopicsare_Ԁlisted 8(#& onaseparatehandout.Thisshouldbe56pageslong(youcanstretchitto810ifyourefeeling $)t$' VERYinspired). #  1      ׀ThispaperisDUEFEBRUARY22,2001anditis10%ofyourgrade. *`%( ЇB.Thesecondpaperisa56pagecasestudyofsomepolicyissuenowbeingdiscussedin  Washingtonorthestates.Youcanrelysomewhatonpopularsources,butthemajorsources  shouldbescholarlyones.ThereisLOTSofflexibilityregardingpossibletopicsyoucanpick  justaboutanything,buthaveitapprovedbymefirst(TopicsforPaperA&Baretobehanded_in t to_Ԁmeby2/12/2001).Ialsowantatleasttwoofthefollowingthreeitemsincludedinthepaper: ` _at_Ԁleastonemajorcourtcaseinthisarea,onespecificpieceoflegislationunderconsiderationor L  oneparticularregulationofafederalagency.Thereferenceneedstobetoaspecificlaw, 8  regulation,orcourtcase(not inanimportantcasein1997theSupremeCourtsaid.._but_ԀinXv. $ t Y...).YoullprobablyneedtogototheLawLibrarytogetthecasesand_regs_Ԁandlaws.Dont  ` worryyouwillsurvive,somelawyersevenlikesocialscientists.ThispaperisDUEMARCH  L  22nd,2001andis10%ofyourgrade.  8  C.Thethirdpaperyouaretoprepareisa datasourcesandmethodologypaperabouthowto   researchyourtopic.What,ifany,sourcesofdataareavailabletolookatthisquestion?Are   theremasssurveysthatmayberelevant(_NORC_,_ICPSR_)?IsthereCensusdataorBureauof   _Labour_ԀStatisticsdatathatwouldhelpyouilluminatethequestionbeingasked?Wouldyou   needtointerviewanyone?Who,whatwouldyoursurveyquestionnairelooklike?Inshortthis p istheresearchdesignpartofapaper.Youdontactuallyneedtogooutandcollectthedata,but \ youneedtotellmewhatdatayouwouldcollectifyouweregoingtodothisworkandhowyou H wouldgetit.Againa56pagedoublespacedpaperistobehandedinApril19th,2001andthisis 4 alsoworth10percentofthegrade.  p    `     h      p D.Asyoushouldbeabletofigureoutbynow,yourfinalpaperistocombinethethreemini H papersyouvedonesofar,takingintoaccounttheeruditecommentsyouvereceivedfromyour 4 instructor.Seriously,youdontjustwanttorenumberthethreepaperswhenyouputthem   together,weavethemtogethersoitlookslikeonepaper,notthreeseparatepapers.Togetagood   gradeyouwillneedtotakeintoconsiderationthecommentsthatIvemadeonyourearlier  papers.Thisfinalpaperisgoingtobearesearchdesignpapertolookataspecificaspectof  publicpolicy.Whilethefinalpaperisntdueuntiltheendofthesemester(May10th)youneed  tostartthinkingaboutallpartsatthebeginningoftheprocess.Pickaconceptthatwillmesh l easilywithyourpolicy.I.e.ifyourconceptpieceisabout SocialConstructionofTarget X  Groupsthenyouregoingtowanttopickapolicythathasanidentifiableclientelesuchas D! _TANF_Ԁorveteransbenefitsorsomethingsimilar.YouwouldntwanttopickSocial 0"  Constructionasyourconceptpieceandthenpick acrosstheboardtaxcutsasyoursubstantive #l! policy. $X" II.TheFinal.Thewrittenfinalwillbetween35broadquestionsandyouwillhavesome %0!$ choice.Mypreferenceisfora_24hour_Ԁtimeperiod.Examswillbeavailableatnoonon &"% _Thursday_ԀMay3rdandarethendobacktomyofficeatnoononFridayMay4th.Actually,Ill '#& probablyletyousigninwhenyoupickupyourexamsoifyoucantmakeituptomyofficeuntil (#' 5pmyouarentshortchanged5hours. )$(    `     h      p   III.Rapporteurassignment.Eachstudentwillserveasarapporteurforoneclasssession.Sheor h+&* heshouldreviewina15minuteoralpresentationthemajorissuesraisedbytheliterature.The T,'+ personshouldwritea45pagesynopsisoftheirpresentationtobehandedintotheprofessorfor @-(, OY    agrade.Yourgradewillalsobeaffectedbythelevelofpolishinthepublicpresentation.Your  papershouldtakepainstoNOTsayAuthorXsaysA,authorYsaysB,authorZsaysC.  Integratethereadingsintoacoherentperspective.Itisnotnecessarytorefertoallofthe  readings,buttakesomesubsetofthemdescribethemajorpointsofthereadingsandpresenta t critiqueofthereadings.Itis,however,necessarytotakeatleastONEoftherecommended ` readingsanddescribeittotheclass. L  AswediscusstheresearchwereadyouwillfindthatIhaveastandardlitanyofconcerns.Iwill $ t consistentlybeaskingquestionslike#1)Whatsthetheoreticalargumentoftheauthororwhat  ` hypothesesistheauthortryingtotest?#2)Dothedatatheauthorpresentsspeaktothe  L  hypotheseshewantstotalkabout?#3)Whatdatacouldtheyhaveused?Howmighttheyhave  8  studiedthisquestiondifferently? $   X(XXX( BOOKSREQUIREDFORPURCHASE:    #X(XX X(*#Frank_Baumgartner_ԀandBethLeech(1998)BasicInterestsPrinceton,NJ:PrincetonUniversity   Press. p  X(XXX(RogerW.CobbandMarcHowardRoss(1997)CulturalStrategiesofAgendaDenial H Lawrence,KS:UniversityPressofKansas. 4 #X(XX X(+#   `     h      p      x Albert_Hirschman_Ԁ(1970)Exit,Voice,andLoyalty󀀀 X(XXX(HarvardUniversityPress.  \ JohnW._Kingdon_Ԁ(1995)Agendas,Alternatives,andPublicPolicies.2d.ed.NewYork:Harper 4 Collins.   Kenneth_Shepsle_Ԁand_Bonchek_Ԁ(1997).AnalyzingPolitics,Rationality,Behavior,andInstitutions  #X(XX X(-# X(XXX(NewYork:Norton&Co.  PaulA._Sabatier_Ԁ(1999)TheoriesofthePolicy_Pocess_.Boulder,_CO:_Ԁ_Westview_ԀPress,1999.#X(XX X(/# X(XXX( l E.E._Schattschneider_Ԁ(1960)TheSemiSovereignPeople.NewYork:Holt,_Rinehart_,and D! Winston(reprinted1975byHarcourtBrace). 0"  #X(XX X(0#XX(#X(X=2#RichardK._Scher_,JonL.Mills,andJohnJ._Hotaling_Ԁ(1997)VotingRights&Democracy:The .$~" LawandPoliticsof_Districting_Chicago,ILL:NelsonHallPublishers. %j #  X(XXX(_Svein_Ԁ_Steinmo_Ԁ(1993)TaxationandDemocracyNewHaven,CO:YaleUniversityPress.#X(XX X(3# X(XXX( X X( &B"% # X(X 4##X(XX X(4#Aaron_Wildavsky_ԀandNaomi_Caiden_ԀTheNewPoliticsoftheBudgetaryProcess.NewYork, ($' NY:_Longman_ԀPress.3rdEdition. )%( _XX(_#X(XB6#Elinor_Ostrom_Ԁ1990.GoverningtheCommons:TheEvolutionofInstitutionsforCollective +'* ActionCambridge,UK:CambridgeUniversityPress. ,'+  X(XXX( -(, #X(XX X(w7# X(XXX( BOOKS_RECOMMENDED_ԀFORPURCHASE:   _Baumgartner_,FrankR.,andBryanD.Jones.1993.AgendasandInstabilityinAmericanPolitics.  Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress. t #X(XX X(7#RobertE._Goodin_ԀandHansDieter_Klingeman_.1996.ANewHandbookofPoliticalScience L  Oxford,UK:OxfordUniversityPress.   8   X(XXX( WEEK1:INTRODUCTION @*  `  WEEK2:PUBLICPOLICYANDTHESTUDYOFINSTITUTIONSINPOLITICAL  8  SCIENCE $   GabrielAlmond(1995) PoliticalScience:TheDisciplineinR._Goodin_ԀandHansDieter   _Klingeman_ԀANewHandbookofPoliticalScience.   Bo_Rothstein_Ԁ(1995) PoliticalInstitutions:AnOverviewinR._Goodin_ԀandHansDieter p _Klingeman_ԀANewHandbookofPoliticalScience. \ PeterHallandRosemaryC.R.Taylor(1996) PoliticalScienceandtheThreeNew 4 _Institutionalisms_.PoliticalStudies44:936957.  p #X(XX X(<:# X(XXX(   `     h     JamesG.MarchandJohanP.Olsen(1984)"TheNew_Institutionalism_:OrganizationalFactors H inPoliticalLife"inTheAmericanPoliticalScienceReview,pp.734749. 4    `     h      p   _Shepsle_Ԁand_Bonchek_ԀAnalyzingPolitics,Chapters1,2and11.   RECOMMENDEDREADINGS:  #X(XX X(4># X(XXX(Easton,David(1957) AnApproachtotheAnalysisofPoliticalSystemsWorldPolitics383 l 400. X  #X(XX X(@# X(XXX(    ` John_Chamberlin_Ԁ(1990) FormalPoliticalTheoryandtheDesignandEvaluationofInstitutions 0"  inJohnE.Jackson(ed.)InstitutionsinAmericanSociety:EssaysinMarket,PoliticalandSocial #l! OrganizationsAnnArbor,MI:UniversityofMichiganPress. $X" WalterW.PowellandPaulJ._DiMaggio_Ԁ(1991) IntroductioninTheNew_Institutionalism_Ԁin %0!$ OrganizationalAnalysis.Pages138,Chicago,IL:UniversityofChicagoPress.#X(XX X(A# X(XXX(  &"%     `     h     JamesG.MarchandJohanP.Olsen(1989)RediscoveringInstitutions:TheOrganizational (#' BasisofPolitics.NewYork,NY:FreePress,esp.Chapters1,2,and7. )$( #X(XX X(D# X(XXX(  @-(, WEEK3:POLICYPROCESSMODELSOFPUBLICPOLICYANDISSUE  DEFINITION   _Schattschneider_,E.E..(1957)TheSemiSovereignPeople.NewYork:Holt,_Rinehart_,and t Winston(reprinted1975byHarcourtBrace). ` #X(XX X('F# X(XXX( #X(XX X(G# X(XXX(_Bachrach_,PeterandMorton_Baratz_.1962. TheTwoFacesofPower.AmericanPolitical 8  ScienceReview56:947952.#X(XX X(5H# X(XXX( $ t _Haider_ԀMarkelDP,_KJ_Ԁ_Meier_Ԁ#X(XX X(PI# X(XXX((1996) Thepoliticsofgayandlesbianrights:Expandingthescope  L  oftheconflict._Journal_ԀofPolitics58:(2)332-349.#X(XX X(#J# X(XXX(  8  PaulA._Sabatier_Ԁ(1999)TheoriesofthePolicyProcess.Boulder,_CO:_Ԁ_Westview_ԀPress,1999.#X(XX X( K# X(XXX(   #X(XX X(:L# X(XXX(Chapter1.Introduction.Theneedforbettertheories/PaulA._Sabatier_Ԁ;   Chapter2.Thestagesapproachtothepolicyprocess:whathasitdone?whereisitgoing?/Peter   _deLeon_.   #X(XX X(L# X(XXX(_Matland_,RichardE.1993. APolicyProcessPerspectiveOnTheImplementationofBudgetary \ ReformsinNorway.PaperpresentedatAmericanPoliticalScienceAssociationMeetings, H Washington,D.C.,1993. 4 #X(XX X( N# X(XXX(Kim_Quaile_ԀHill(1997) InSearchofPolicyTheoryfromPublicPolicyNewsletter.Responses  \ fromEdith_Schagle_ԀandPaul_Sabatier_. H Weiss,JanetA.1989. ThePowersofProblemDefinition:TheCaseofGovernment   Paperwork.PolicySciences22:97121.   #X(XX X({O#XX( # X(X Q#Schneider,Anne,andHelen_Ingram_.1993. SocialConstructionofTargetPopulations:   ImplicationsforPoliticsandPolicy.AmericanPoliticalScienceReview87:334!47.  #X(XX X(Q#  X(XXX(#X(XX X("S# X(XXX( RECOMMENDEDREADINGS#X(XX X(eS# X(XXX( h  ~  ̀_Rochefort_,DavidL.andRogerCobb.1994.ThePoliticsofProblemDefinition:Shapingthe V"  PolicyAgenda󀀀Lawrence,Kansas:UniversityofKansasPress. B#! Chapter1,5,8.Chapter1 ProblemDefinition:AnEmergingPerspectivepp.131 .$~"   Chap5 TheParadoxesofNational_Antidrug_ԀPolicymakingpp.98116. %j #   Chap8 InstrumentalversusExpressiveDefinitionsofAIDSPolicymakingpp.159181.#X(XX X(S# X(XXX( &V!$ #X(XX X(yV# X(XXX(  Plusremainingchapters. &B"% #X(XX X(V# X(XXX(Lieberman,RobertC.1995. SocialConstruction(continued)commentonSchneider& ($' _Ingram_s_APSR_Ԁarticle,AmericanPoliticalScienceReview89:437441.ReplybyHelen_Ingram_ )%( andAnneSchneider ResponsetoLiebermanAmericanPoliticalScienceReview89:441446.#X(XX X(LW#X(XXX(XX( *%) #X(XYY##X(XXX(:Y# X(XXX(#X(XX X(Y#Ԁ_Portz_,John.1996. ProblemDefinitionsandPolicyAgendas:ShapingtheEducationalAgenda z,'+ inBostonPolicyStudiesJournal24(3):371386. X(XXX( f-(, ЇEdwards,GeorgeandB.DanWood(1999) WhoInfluencesWhom?ThePresident,Congress,  andthemediaAmericanPoliticalScienceReview93(2):327344.  #X(XX X(Z# X(XXX(_Flemming_ԀRB,WoodBD,_Bohte_ԀJ(1999) Attentiontoissuesinasystemofseparatedpowers: t The_macrodynamics_ԀofAmericanpolicyagendasJournalofPolitics61:(1)76-108FEB1999#X(XX X( \# X(XXX( ` #X(XX X(]# X(XXX(#X(XX X(]# X(XXX(Downs,Anthony.1972. UpandDownwithEcology:TheIssueAttentionCycle.Public 8  Interest28:3850.#X(XX X(^# X(XXX( $ t #X(XX X(^# X(XXX(_Riker_,WilliamH.1986.TheArtofPoliticalManipulation.NewHaven:YaleUniversityPress.  L  Chapters13,7,10,conclusion.  8  #X(XX X(K_# X(XXX(#X(XX X(``# X(XXX(_McCombs_,Maxwell,andDonaldShaw.1972. TheAgendaSettingFunctionofMassMedia.   PublicOpinionQuarterly36:176!87#X(XX X(`# X(XXX(   Neuman,W.Russell.1990. TheThresholdofPublicAttention.PublicOpinionQuarterly54:   179!96.#X(XX X(a# X(XXX( p #X(XX X(b#  @-(, _ԇWEEK4:AGENDASETTING  X(XXX(  _Kingdon_,JohnW.1995.Agendas,Alternatives,andPublicPolicies.2d.ed.NewYork:Harper  Collins.#X(XX X(@c# X(XXX( t #X(XX X(