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The English Civil War: Timeline 1640-46
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The Second Civil War: Timeline 1647-9
 
A
 
A
summary of events beginning with the summoning of the Short Parliament in 1640, leading to the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642, and the course of the war through to the surrender of the Royalist headquarters at Oxford in 1646.
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n overview of events from the surrender of King Charles the First into the custody of Parliament early in 1647, through the outbreak of rebellions against Parliament in 1648, the defeat of the invasion of England by the Scottish Engagers, to the trial and execution of the King in 1649.
1640
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1647
Apr 13
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Jan 30
King Charles I summons the Short Parliament, bringing his eleven-year Personal Rule to an end.
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The Scots surrender the King to Parliament.
May 05
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Feb 16
The King dissolves the Short Parliament when MPs refuse to grant him subsidies for war against Scotland.
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Parliamentary commissioners accompany the King to Holmby (Holdenby) House, Northamptonshire.
Aug 28
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Apr 28
The Scots defeat the English army at the battle of Newburn.
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Agitators elected to represent Army grievances to Parliament.
Oct 25
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Jun 04
The Treaty of Ripon ends the Bishops' Wars.
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Cornet Joyce secures the King for the Army.
Nov 03
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July 30
Desperately short of money, King Charles summons the Long Parliament.
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The Presbyterian Eleven Members attempt to mobilise London against the Army.
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Aug 06
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The Army occupies London.
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Oct 28
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Beginning of the Putney Debates between the Levellers and the army Grandees.
 
Nov 11
 
Nov 11
The Earl of Strafford impeached by Parliament.
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The King escapes from Hampton Court to the Isle of Wight.
Dec 07
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Nov 15
The House of Commons declares ship-money to be an illegal tax.
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Fairfax and Cromwell suppress a threatened mutiny at the army rendezvous at Corkbush Field in Hertfordshire.
Dec 18
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Dec 25
Impeachment of Archbishop Laud.
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Riots in London, Ipswich and Canterbury against Parliament's suppression of Christmas celebrations.
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Dec 26
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The King signs the Engagement with the Scots.
  
1641
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1648
Feb 16
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Jan 17
The Triennial Act passed, guaranteeing that Parliament will be called at least once every three years.
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Parliament passes the Vote of No Addresses.
Mar 22
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Feb 22
Opening of the trial of the Earl of Strafford.
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Colonel Poyer refuses to obey Parliament's order to disband his troops until their arrears are paid.
May 03
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Mar 23
The House of Commons draws up the Protestation Oath against popery.
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Colonel Poyer declares for the King in Pembroke.
May 05
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Apr
John Pym reveals details of the "First Army Plot": an alleged conspiracy by Royalist officers to coerce Parliament.
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Pro-Royalist riots in London and Norwich
May 10
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Apr 28-9
The King reluctantly assents to the act of attainder against the Earl of Strafford.
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Sir Marmaduke Langdale and Sir Philip Musgrave seize Berwick and Carlisle for the King.
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May 08
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Battle of St Fagans: Royalist army in south Wales defeated.
 
May 12
 
May 12
Execution of the Earl of Strafford.
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Pro-Royalist rioters sieze the county magazine at Bury St Edmunds.
Jul 05
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May 21
Parliament abolishes the courts of High Commission and Star Chamber; the Council of Wales and the North abolished; powers of the Privy Council suppressed.
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Rebellion against Parliament breaks out in Kent.
Sep 01
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May 27
The House of Commons passes a resolution for the destruction of altar rails, crucifixes and other 'innovations' introduced under the Laudian reforms.
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Naval revolt in the Downs - mutineers declare for the King.
Oct 23
 
News of the Irish Uprising reaches London.
 
Dec 01
 
The Grand Remonstrance presented to King Charles at Hampton Court.
 
Dec 27-9
 
Riots at Westminster against bishops and papists.
 
 
 
1642
 
Jan 04
 
The King fails in his attempt to arrest the Five Members regarded as his leading opponents in Parliament.
 
Jan 10
 
Popular support for Parliament forces the King and royal family to leave London.
 
Feb 12
 
The King refuses to surrender control of the militia to Parliament.
 
Mar 5
 
Parliament passes the Militia Ordinance, despite the King's objections.
 
Mar 19
 
King Charles sets up his court at York.
 
Apr 23
 
Sir John Hotham prevents the King and his entourage from entering Hull, the site of England's main northern arsenal.
 
 
Jun 01
 
Jun 01
The Nineteen Propositions passed by Parliament, requiring the King to give up control of the militia and the right to appoint ministers.
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General Fairfax defeats the Royalists at Maidstone in Kent.
Jun 06
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Jun 04
The King issues the first Commissions of Array.
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Rebellion against Parliament breaks out in Essex.
Jun 18
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Jun 13
The King rejects the Nineteen Propositions.
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Essex Royalists besieged in Colchester.
Jul 02
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Jul 08
The fleet declares for Parliament and accepts the Earl of Warwick as its Admiral.
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The Duke of Hamilton's Engager army crosses the border.
Jul 04
 
Parliament appoints the Committee of Safety.
 
Jul 10
 
The first military action of the English Civil War takes place when a Royalist raiding party approaches Hull to burn down buildings outside the town walls, but is driven away by gunfire from the defenders.
 
Jul 12
 
Parliament resolves to raise an army. The Earl of Essex commissioned Captain-General.
 
Aug 21
 
Prince Rupert and Prince Maurice join the King.
 
Aug 22
 
King Charles raises the royal standard at Nottingham Castle. King and Parliament now at war.
 
Sep 07
 
Sir William Waller captures Portsmouth for Parliament.
 
Sep 09
 
The Earl of Essex marches from London against the King.
 
Sep 23
 
Action at Powick Bridge near Worcester: Prince Rupert routs Essex's advance guard.
 
Oct 23
 
Battle of Edgehill: the Earl of Essex fails to prevent the Royalists advancing on London.
 
Nov 13
 
Royalist advance on London halted at Turnham Green.
 
Nov 29
 
The King's army withdraws to Oxford which remains the Royalist capital for the rest of the war.
 
 
 
1643
 
Jan 19
 
Battle of Braddock Down: Sir Ralph Hopton defeats Colonel Ruthven and secures Cornwall for the King.
 
Feb 01
 
Treaty negotiations open at Oxford.
 
Mar 27
 
Parliament issues it first ordinance for sequestration (confiscation of Royalist estates).
 
Apr 14
 
Oxford treaty negotiations break down.
 
Apr 14
 
The Earl of Essex besieges Reading.
 
Jun 30
 
Battle of Adwalton Moor: The Earl of Newcastle defeats Lord Fairfax to secure most of Yorkshire for the King.
 
Jul 01
 
The Westminster Assembly meets to discuss reform of the Anglican church.
 
Jul 13
 
Battle of Roundway Down: Sir William Waller's Western Association army destroyed.
 
Jul 26
 
Bristol falls to Prince Rupert.
 
Aug 10
 
The King's army besieges Gloucester.
 
Sep 02
 
The Earl of Newcastle besieges Hull.
 
Sep 05
 
The Earl of Essex relieves the siege of Gloucester.
 
Sep 15
 
The Marquis of Ormond signs a one-year cease-fire with the Irish Confederates, allowing troops stationed in Ireland to return to England and fight for the King.
 
Sep 20
 
First Battle of Newbury; the Earl of Essex fights his way back to London.
 
Sep 25
 
The signing of the Solemn League and Covenant secures a military alliance between the English Parliament and the Scottish Covenanters.
 
Oct 12
 
The Earl of Newcastle abandons the siege of Hull.
 
Dec 08
 
Death of John Pym.
 
 
 
 
 
Top of Page
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Pembroke Castle surrenders to Lieutenant-General Cromwell.
1644
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Jul 17
Jan 19
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The Prince of Wales sails from Holland with the Royalist fleet.
The Scottish invasion: the Army of the Covenant crosses the River Tweed and marches into England.
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Aug 17
Jan 22
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Battle of Preston; Hamilton's Engagers defeated by Cromwell.
King Charles formally opens the Oxford Parliament.
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Aug 27
Feb 16
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Colchester surrenders to Fairfax; Royalist commanders executed.
The Committee for Both Kingdoms formed to co-ordinate the Parliamentarian and Scottish armies.
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Aug 31
Mar 12
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The Prince of Wales returns to Holland pursued by the Earl of Warwick.
The trial of Archbishop Laud opens in London.
 
Mar 21
 
Prince Rupert relieves the siege of Newark.
 
Mar 29
 
Sir William Waller defeats Lord Forth and Lord Hopton at the battle of Cheriton; Parliament's first decisive victory of the war.
 
Apr 20
 
Allied Parliamentarian and Scottish armies besiege York.
 
May 16
 
Prince Rupert marches for the relief of York.
 
Jul 02
 
Battle of Marston Moor: Royalist power in the north of England ended.
 
Aug 30
 
The Marquis of Montrose raises his standard in Scotland.
 
Sep 02
 
The Earl of Essex abandons his army at Lostwithiel.
 
 
Sep 18
 
Sep 18
Battle of Montgomery: Parliamentarians gain control of central Wales.
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Presbyterian MPs attempt a treaty with the King at Newport.
Oct 27
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Nov 20
Second battle of Newbury: Parliamentarian commanders bickering.
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The Army Remonstrance presented to Parliament.
Nov 25
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Dec 02
Oliver Cromwell presents his complaints against the leadership of the Earl of Manchester in the House of Commons.
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The Army occupies London.
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Dec 06
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Pride's Purge.
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1645
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1649
Jan 04
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Jan 06
Ordinance for a Presbyterian Directory of Worship to replace the Book of Common Prayer.
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The Rump Parliament assumes full legislative powers.
Jan 10
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Jan 20
Execution of Archbishop Laud.
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Trial of Charles I begins.
Jan 29
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Jan 30
Opening of the Uxbridge Treaty negotiations between representatives of the King, Parliament and the Scots.
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King Charles beheaded.
Feb 17
 
New Model Army Ordinance passed by the House of Lords.
 
Apr 03
 
Self Denying Ordinance passed by the House of Lords.
 
Apr 30
 
Sir Thomas Fairfax marches from Windsor with the main body of the New Model Army to raise the siege of Taunton.
 
May 30
 
Prince Rupert storms Leicester.
 
Jun 14
 
Battle of Naseby: the New Model Army inflicts a crushing defeat on the King's army.
 
Jul 10
 
Battle of Langport: the New Model Army advances into the West and defeats Lord Goring.
 
Aug 15
 
Battle of Kilsyth: the Marquis of Montrose defeats the Covenanters to briefly gain control of Scotland.
 
Sep 11
 
Fall of Bristol to the New Model Army. Prince Rupert in disgrace.
 
Sep 13
 
Battle of Philiphaugh: defeat of the Marquis of Montrose.
 
Nov 27
 
The Covenanter army besieges Newark.
 
 
 
 
 
 
1646
 
Feb 16
 
Battle of Torrington: Sir Thomas Fairfax defeats Lord Hopton and the western Royalist army.
 
Mar 14
 
Lord Hopton surrenders to Fairfax.
 
Mar 21
 
Lord Astley and the last Royalist army defeated by Sir William Brereton at Stow-on-the-Wold.
 
May 03
 
The New Model Army besieges Oxford.
 
May 05
 
King Charles surrenders to the Covenanter army at Newark.
 
Jun 24
 
Surrender of Oxford.
 

Revision as of 20:21, 10 March 2014

The Second Civil War: Timeline 1647-9 A n overview of events from the surrender of King Charles the First into the custody of Parliament early in 1647, through the outbreak of rebellions against Parliament in 1648, the defeat of the invasion of England by the Scottish Engagers, to the trial and execution of the King in 1649. 1647 Jan 30 The Scots surrender the King to Parliament. Feb 16 Parliamentary commissioners accompany the King to Holmby (Holdenby) House, Northamptonshire. Apr 28 Agitators elected to represent Army grievances to Parliament. Jun 04 Cornet Joyce secures the King for the Army. July 30 The Presbyterian Eleven Members attempt to mobilise London against the Army. Aug 06 The Army occupies London. Oct 28 Beginning of the Putney Debates between the Levellers and the army Grandees. Nov 11 The King escapes from Hampton Court to the Isle of Wight. Nov 15 Fairfax and Cromwell suppress a threatened mutiny at the army rendezvous at Corkbush Field in Hertfordshire. Dec 25 Riots in London, Ipswich and Canterbury against Parliament's suppression of Christmas celebrations. Dec 26 The King signs the Engagement with the Scots.

1648 Jan 17 Parliament passes the Vote of No Addresses. Feb 22 Colonel Poyer refuses to obey Parliament's order to disband his troops until their arrears are paid. Mar 23 Colonel Poyer declares for the King in Pembroke. Apr Pro-Royalist riots in London and Norwich Apr 28-9 Sir Marmaduke Langdale and Sir Philip Musgrave seize Berwick and Carlisle for the King. May 08 Battle of St Fagans: Royalist army in south Wales defeated. May 12 Pro-Royalist rioters sieze the county magazine at Bury St Edmunds. May 21 Rebellion against Parliament breaks out in Kent. May 27 Naval revolt in the Downs - mutineers declare for the King. Jun 01 General Fairfax defeats the Royalists at Maidstone in Kent. Jun 04 Rebellion against Parliament breaks out in Essex. Jun 13 Essex Royalists besieged in Colchester. Jul 08 The Duke of Hamilton's Engager army crosses the border.   Pembroke Castle surrenders to Lieutenant-General Cromwell. Jul 17 The Prince of Wales sails from Holland with the Royalist fleet. Aug 17 Battle of Preston; Hamilton's Engagers defeated by Cromwell. Aug 27 Colchester surrenders to Fairfax; Royalist commanders executed. Aug 31 The Prince of Wales returns to Holland pursued by the Earl of Warwick. Sep 18 Presbyterian MPs attempt a treaty with the King at Newport. Nov 20 The Army Remonstrance presented to Parliament. Dec 02 The Army occupies London. Dec 06 Pride's Purge.  

1649 Jan 06 The Rump Parliament assumes full legislative powers. Jan 20 Trial of Charles I begins. Jan 30 King Charles beheaded.