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Course
of Study Leading to a Pharm.D. Degree
YEAR
I
SEMESTER I
CELLULAR LIFE SCIENCES I
PHAR 4400
Course Description:
An introduction to the chemistry and metabolism of biological
molecules including: carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, proteins,
and nucleic acids; and coverage of vitamins and their components,
with emphasis on their relationship to disease states and drug
therapy.
Prerequisite:
CHEM 3331-3332 Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, CHEM 3221-3222
Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry Laboratory.
Course Proficiencies:
The student will be able to:
- Diagram and describe the structural organization
of eukaryotic cells including the structures and functions of
various cell organelles and their importance in health and in
disease states.
- Classify and list the nutritional importance
of vitamins, the role of vitamin-derived coenzymes, and the
role of these biochemicals in lipid, protein, and carbohydrate
metabolism in healthy individuals as well as in disease states
- Classify and list the nutritional importance
of minerals (Cu/Zu), the role of mineral-derived coenzymes,
and the role of these biochemicals in lipid, protein, and carbohydrate
metabolism in healthy individuals as well as in disease states.
- Define and explain the components of plasma
membranes including membrane transporters and their functions.
- Explain second messenger systems and the
concept of signal amplification, functions of cAMP, cGMP, serine
and tyrosine kinases.
- Summarize important aspects of carbohydrate
metabolism and utilization pathways (glycolysis, glycogenesis,
glycogenolysis, pentose phosphate pathway).
- Describe energy generating pathways (TCA
cycle and Electron transport system) and importance of carbohydrate
and lipids in dieting.
- Summarize the utilization of carbohydrates
such as fructose, lactose and sugar substitutes.
- Describe the composition and properties
of lipoproteins.
- List the essential and non-essential fatty
acids and describe their metabolism.
- Discuss the regulation of lipid metabolism
and drugs affecting lipid metabolism.
- Discuss the biosynthesis of cholesterol
and bile salts.
- Discuss the importance of cholesterol
and lipid storage disorders
- Explain the metabolism of essential and
non-essential amino acids including transamination, deamination
and decarboxylation of amino acids.
- Describe the pathways involved in the
removal of ammonia from physiological systems.
- Describe defects in amino acid metabolism
and disease states associated with errors in the metabolism
of amino acids.
- Describe and summarize the protein biosynthesis
and related disease states.
- Discuss denovo synthesis of purine and
pyrimidine nucleotides and the salvage pathways of purines and
pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis.
- Describe the process involving the replication,
transcription and translation of genetic information. (Biosynthesis
of DNA, RNA, and proteins)
- Discuss the biochemical site and mechanism
of action of drugs classified as protein synthesis inhibitors.
- Discuss the post-transcriptional processing
of mRNA.
- Describe cytochrome P450 system and its
role in drug metabolism.
- Discuss various membrane receptors and
signal transduction pathways which are involved as sites of
action for drugs, hormones, and neurotransmitters.
- Discuss complex lipids.
- Discuss control of gene expression.
- Discuss amino acids & proteins.
- Discuss blood and transport proteins (hemoglobin
& myoglobin).
- Discuss oxygen transport (by hemoglobin,
and regulation of Og transport, and binding by pH, CO2, 2,3-BPG).
Different types of Hb and sickle cell anemia.
- Discuss catalytic proteins – enzymes (Basic
concept of enzymes, kinetics and inhibitions.)
- Discuss hemostasis and thrombosis.
- Discuss Cell growth, differentiation and
cancer: covers the basic concept of cell cycle and it’s abnormal
regulation as the basis of cancer. Role of oncogenes, tumor
suppressor genes.
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