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Course
of Study Leading to a Pharm.D. Degree
YEAR I
SEMESTER I
PHARMACEUTICS I
PHAR 4330
Course Description:
Physicochemical properties of drugs and their dosage forms with
emphasis on drug delivery systems
Prerequisite:
First year standing in the College of Pharmacy.
Ability Outcomes:
The student should be able to evaluate, select or recommend to
a health professional, and counsel a particular patient on the
various dosage forms in the provision of pharmaceutical care.
Course Proficiencies:
The student will be able to:
- Define, describe, and demonstrate the properties
(and concepts) of non-electrolyte, electrolyte and solution
concentrations.
- Calculate molarity, molality, osmolality,
equivalents, and percent solution concentrations and conversion
of one to the other.
- Describe colligative properties and the
basic chemical principles of ionic equilibria of acidic, basic
and salt drugs.
- Define and describe the concepts of pH,
relative acidity and basicity, and pH's effects on drug ionization,
absorption, distribution, and elimination as it relates to dosage
forms discussed in Pharmaceutics I.
- Define and describe the general principles
of: solvent-solvent interactions, solubility of gases in liquids,
solubility of liquids in liquids, solubility of solids in liquids
and electrolytes in liquids.
- Define and describe unsaturated, saturated,
and supersaturated solutions.
- Discuss the physical-chemical characteristics
of liquid dosage forms.
- Describe the combined effects of pH, solvents,
surfactants, and particle size on solubility.
- Describe the buffer equation, buffer capacity,
buffers in pharmaceutical systems.
- Describe the relationship between solubility
and partition coefficient as it relates to drug action.
- Describe buffered isotonic solutions and
the methods of adjusting tonicity and pH.
- Describe and define complexation of: organic
molecular complexes, metal complexes, protein binding and other
related drug complexes.
- Describe methods for determination of stoichiometric
balance and stability constants of complexes.
- Define and describe the general principles
of rheology and its relationship to pharmaceuticals (e.g., emulsions
and suspensions).
- Discuss the unique characteristics, formulation
considerations and preparation of suspension and emulsion pharmaceuticals.
- Define and describe the general principles
and classifications of interfacial interactions relative to
pharmaceutical preparations.
- Describe the applications of surface active
agents (e.g. surfactants) to pharmacy and pharmaceuticals.
- Describe the composition of sterile products
and their large scale preparation.
- Describe the extemporaneous preparation
of sterile products.
- Discuss the physical-chemical characteristics,
formulation considerations and preparation of powdered dosage
forms, granulated dosage forms, capsule dosage forms, tablet
dosage forms, semi-solid dosage forms, colloidal dosage forms
and suppository dosage forms.
- Describe the physical-chemical characteristics
of the different type ointment bases, the different preservatives,
and procedures used for preparation packaging and storage of
semi-solid pharmaceutical.
- Describe the various suppository bases
(advantages and disadvantages of each type), the factors influencing
absorption of medicament from these suppository bases, and the
nature of a suppository as a dosage form.
- Describe various modes of drug absorption
(passive diffusion and carrier-mediated transport), as related
to biopharmaceutics.
- Differentiate various routes of administration
and unique factors affecting bioavailability of the drug.
- Interpret modified bioavailability with
the biological, physiological, physicochemical and formulation
factors.
- Predict the bioavailability of drugs given
the biological and physiological conditions and formulation
information.
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